Information Theory – Subjective Systems

Abstract

This paper presents an analysis of information theory (Claude E. Shannon, Warren Weaver) and proposes the concept of subjective systems as a variant for automating complex informational dynamic systems. The article discusses the main views on the concept of "information" and the methods for defining the concept of "information," as well as how these views and methods depend on the worldview, experience, and field of activity of the researchers. An alternative view on the concept of "information" is proposed, taking into account the observer effect. This perspective on the concept of "information" is based on the bionic approach to the emergence of information itself. It is used not only to interpret processes in communication channels but also attempts to answer the question – “Why does information itself need to exist?”. As a possible answer, it is suggested that information, as an explanation, can arise and exist only for a specific class of systems. Such systems have a defined dynamic complexity and use information to balance themselves and maintain stable existence in their environment, utilizing this environment for their energy and functional needs. In this model of complex dynamic systems, it is proposed to use not only cybernetic methods for self-organization but also more universal bionic methods. Additionally, the focus should not be on creating an artificial environment for the system but rather on providing the complex dynamic system with a complete set of mechanisms for interacting with the real environment, allowing these mechanisms to develop in a continuous cycle. And as a conclusion from these assumptions follows the dependence of the amount of information on the complexity of such systems.