Security problems in the practice of implementation of the internet of things technology.
Abstract
The article reveals security issues in the practice of the Internet of Things technology. The author provides an analysis of the problems of the Internet of Things, where the problem of information security is chosen as the major one. It is noted that numerous Internet of Things programs can be combined into three groups — industrial, environmental, public. All technologies included in the continuous computational processes of the Internet of Things are described, such as: radio frequency identification; processing of large arrays of information, Big Data; machine-to-machine interaction (MachinetoMachine, M2M); cyber-physical systems (biological, physical, etc. operations of which are integrated and controlled by a computer core); location identification through GLONASS and GPS; providing broadband communication, including the global standard for digital mobile cellular communication with time division multiple access (TDMA) and frequency division multiple access (FDMA); wireless sensor networks, and other modern technologies. It is emphasized that taking into account all the characteristics of the Internet of Things, it has three levels: the level of perception, network level and applied level, each fulfilling the tasks and performing its functions. The author proposed a number of information security issues for each level. The causes of software vulnerabilities of the Internet of Things are described, and the complexity of software on the Internet of Things is determined, indicating measures that can reduce the level of vulnerability. It is emphasized that for software design it is necessary to emulate the behaviour of IoT devices, i.e. to create a simulator of the environment for servers. Due to limitations in devices (power supply, processor performance, memory), the Internet of Things faces a difficult task to avoid a strong discrepancy between the emulator and the device. The concept of backdoor is provided, and the principles of backdoor application are described.
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